Dog Hair Loss Causes

For most pet owners, their dog becomes a part of the family and, when these animals show symptoms of sickness, it's important to have the dog evaluated by a veterinarian for prompt treatment. Hair loss in dogs is caused by many illnesses, from internal conditions to behavioral issues. Understanding the symptoms and causes of hair loss in dogs is the first step in treating the underlying problem.

Fleas and mites may cause hair loss in dogs. Fleas commonly cause hair loss on the stomach and hindquarters due to repeated scratching and biting by the dog to relieve itching. Mites are more difficult to evaluate at home, as they are tiny and may cause hair loss in less obvious places such as the ears and elbows. Both pests cause dogs to scratch or bite the infected areas, which is the usual reason for hair loss. Some dogs may have an allergy to certain pests, causing further hair loss.

Skin infections are a common cause of hair loss in dogs. Infections of the skin may include fungal or bacterial problems. Ringworm is a fungal infection usually characterized by round balding patches of red scaly skin. Ringworm is easily transmitted and may be passed from animals to humans. Pyoderma is a bacterial skin infection and may cause painful swollen lesions containing pus. Most bacterial or fungal skin infections that lead to hair loss can be treated with antibiotics or antifungal medication.

Hypothyroidism in dogs may cause shedding, thinning of hair and balding. Many cases of hypothyroidism may be treated with thyroid hormones to manage the disease. Though rare, severe thyroid problems in dogs may be indicative of thyroid cancer.

Dietary deficiencies may cause canine hair loss. A diet lacking in sodium, protein, zinc, vitamin A and even fat can cause excessive shedding and thinning hair. Simple diet changes may correct the problem, but in more severe cases a veterinarian may suggest dietary supplements.

Hair loss is a common symptom in pet diabetes. Diabetes is more common in older dogs. Terriers, pinschers, schnauzers and poodles are some of the breeds most affected by the disease. Many cases of canine diabetes can be controlled through diet, but insulin injections may be necessary in advanced cases.

Changes in scenery, new additions to the family, illnesses and even boredom can cause stress in dogs. Canine stress may manifest itself in compulsive behavior such as licking or biting. The result is acral lick dermatitis. A dog will repeatedly lick or bite at the same areas, resulting in hair loss and even infection. Behavioral training or medication may treat the problem.